ヨーネ菌と関連するヒトの疾患（資料）

ヨーネ菌（MAP) はクローン病 (CD) の病因に関与していると長い間疑われてきました。偏性細胞内病原体である MAP はマクロファージの中だけで増殖することができますが、結核菌よりも免疫修飾作用が強いこともわかってきました。免疫修飾作用とはヒトが持っている生体防御機能の中心である様々な「免疫機能」宿主のマクロファージに影響を与えます。免疫とは単一の機能ではなく、数限りない細胞同士や細胞の出す活性物質などが相互に作用し合う複雑系です。ヨーネ菌やその成分がどの部分に影響を与えているのかは、まだまだ不明な部分が多いのですが、以下の免疫異常を背景とした疾患との関係が示唆されています。

このような疾患の患者さんやご家族の方はヨーネ菌や菌体成分を含む（と思われる）食品の摂取を控えられたほうが良いと思われます。

原因不明疾患の究明に対してはあらゆる可能性を追求していく必要があると思います。

ヒトの炎症性腸疾患 (IBD) であるクローン病 (CD)

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多発性硬化症 (MS)

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Cossu, D.; Mameli, G.; Galleri, G.; Cocco, E.; Masala, S.; Frau, J.; Marrosu, M.G.; Manetti, R.; Sechi, L.A. Human interferon regulatory factor 5 homologous epitopes of Epstein-Barr virus and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis induce a specific humoral and cellular immune response in multiple sclerosis patients. Mult. Scler. 2015, 21, 984–995. [Google Scholar]  [PubMed]

I型糖尿病（T1DM）

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関節リウマチ

Bo, M.; Erre, G.L.; Bach, H.; Slavin, Y.N.; Manchia, P.A.; Passiu, G.; Sechi, L.A. PtpA and PknG Proteins Secreted by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis are Recognized by Sera from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case-Control Study. J. Inflamm. Res. 2019, 12, 301–308. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef][Green Version]

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Bo, M.; Erre, G.L.; Niegowska, M.; Piras, M.; Taras, L.; Longu, M.G.; Passiu, G.; Sechi, L.A. Interferon regulatory factor 5 is a potential target of autoimmune response triggered by Epstein-barr virus and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in rheumatoid arthritis: Investigating a mechanism of molecular mimicry. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 2018, 36, 376–381. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]

シェーグレン症候群

Zhang, P.; Minardi, L.M.; Kuenstner, J.T.; Zhang, S.T.; Zekan, S.M.; Kruzelock, R. Serological Testing for Mycobacterial Heat Shock Protein Hsp65 Antibody in Health and Diseases. Microorganisms 2019, 8, 47. [Google Scholar]

非対称側索硬化症

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セリアック病

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うつ病

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甲状腺炎（橋本病）

Niegowska, M.; Paccagnini, D.; Burrai, C.; Palermo, M.; Sechi, L.A. Antibodies against Proinsulin and Homologous MAP Epitopes Are Detectable in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Sardinian Patients, an Additional Link of Association. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0133497. [Google Scholar]

アルツハイマー病

Lin, T.M.; Chen, W.S.; Sheu, J.J.; Chen, Y.H.; Chen, J.H.; Chang, C.C. Autoimmune rheumatic diseases increase dementia risk in middle-aged patients: A nationwide cohort study. PLoS ONE 2018, 13, e0186475. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef][Green Version]

パーキンソン病

Arru, G.; Caggiu, E.; Paulus, K.; Sechi, G.P.; Mameli, G.; Sechi, L.A. Is there a role for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Parkinson’s disease? J. Neuroimmunol. 2016, 293, 86–90. [Google Scholar]

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